
孩子作文里两个过去的动作,全写成 went / did,老师就扣分。这时候该上过去完成时了。
它的名字就解释了自己:过去的过去。
啥叫"过去的过去"
句子里已经有一个过去动作了(比如 said、went、arrived),那在它之前更早发生的另一件事,就得用 had done。
- When I arrived, the train had left. 我到的时候,火车已经开走了。
"到"是过去,"火车走"比"到"还早一档,所以用 had left。
常见标志
看到 by last year、by the time、when 从句里已经有过去时,主句往往用过去完成时:
- By ten o'clock, I had finished my homework.
- She told me she had seen the movie.
对比感受一下
- I ate dinner. Then I watched TV. (平铺两个过去动作)
- After I had eaten dinner, I watched TV. (强调吃饭在前)
两句话意思差不多,第二句逻辑更清楚。
一句话:一般过去时说"当时干了啥",过去完成时说"在那之前已经干完啥"。有先后,就用它。